Abstract

The Industrial Revolution 1760-1830 and its emergence in Europe had a decisive impact on the conditions of workers in general, and Britain in particular, because it eliminated the old conditions that people had been accustomed to for centuries to bring new, unconventional conditions to British society, which was accustomed to the fact that the main factor in the industrial process was the worker himself and the degree of skill he possessed. As a result of all these conditions, the number of workers increased and the employer began to treat the workers as if they were tools in the factory. The capitalists also exploited Parliament to their advantage and worked to prevent the issuance of any legislation in favor of the working class, in addition to emphasizing the principle of not allowing the government to interfere in working conditions. This meant an increasing deterioration in all aspects related to workers. In light of these harsh conditions, workers faced state injustice and demanded their most basic rights. Many laws were issued that contributed to preserving the rights and duties of workers. This development was not a coincidence, as British capitalism in the years 1800-1852 was able to break down all barriers. The triumph of free trade meant complete freedom for capitalism. The uneven expansion of industry and trade produced profits of not tens but thousands of percent, proving that Britain was important because of its privileged position in the monopoly of industry.