Abstract

Abstract
The study aims to explore the history of the Syrian Communist Party and its role in national and regional politics. The party was founded in 1924 as part of the international communist movement, and played a major role in the struggle against French colonialism and supporting national liberation movements in the region. The party was influenced by Marxist-Leninist thought and focused on achieving social and economic justice through its opposition to colonialism and feudalism. It was initially united with the Lebanese Communist Party before facing several crises that led to divisions and the formation of several new communist parties. Khaled Bakdash, who was the party’s founder and secretary-general, opposed the perestroika policy adopted by Mikhail Gorbachev, although it was supported by the Soviet Union, which provided essential support to communist parties at that time. The study aims to understand the development of the Syrian Communist Party in light of local and international political changes, and to determine its impact on resisting colonialism and the political developments that the region went through during the twentieth century.